Mol Psychiatry.:基因研究为智力障碍精准治疗提供可能

2017-04-17 佚名 转化医学网

就目前而言,大多数智力障碍患者仍然缺乏有效的分子诊断手段,这对他们的生命健康而言是严重不利的。令人感到惊喜的是,近日成瘾与心理健康中心(CAMH)和皇后大学的科学家们已经最新确定了26个与智力障碍有关的新基因。



就目前而言,大多数智力障碍患者仍然缺乏有效的分子诊断手段,这对他们的生命健康而言是严重不利的。令人感到惊喜的是,近日成瘾与心理健康中心(CAMH)和皇后大学的科学家们已经最新确定了26个与智力障碍有关的新基因。

这项发表于Molecular Psychiatry的研究或许为疾病的诊断临床治疗提供了新的思路,并且丰富了大脑发育和功能表达的相关知识,并且最终为个体化治疗提供帮助。研究领导人John Vincent表示:“这是迄今为止北美最大的一项关于智力障碍的研究。有意思的是,其中相当一部分基因之前一直被认为是与自闭症有关。”

全世界每100名儿童中就至少有1名儿童受到智力障碍的影响,这不仅对他们的学习能力造成了严重的限制,同样也影响了他们的日常生活。通常,智力障碍也伴随着自闭症的相关症状,研究已经发现许多基因在两种疾病中共同存在。

这项研究对巴基斯坦和伊朗的192个家庭进行调查,在这些家庭中,有超过1位家庭成员患有疾病。智力障碍通常是由隐形基因引起的,这表明患儿获得了父母双方基因的缺陷拷贝。

研究中的所有家庭都有近亲结婚的家族史(近亲结婚的现象在南亚、中东和非洲地区较为常见)。研究人员认为,研究具有这种家庭背景的患病个体,有助于发现那些通常情况下隐藏的可能致病的基因。

而后,研究小组对192个家庭中的其中一半实现了智力障碍相关突变点的准确定位。除先前研究人员已经识别的与智力障碍有关的11个新基因外,此次研究成功的增加了26个新的基因。

这项研究的最直接意义就是具有近亲结婚家族史的人可以为他们进行基因筛查以确定他们是否存在这些突变,同时还可以为有近亲结婚意愿的人提供婚前咨询以避免未来可能出现的智力障碍患儿。而从长期来看,这项研究也有助于诊断筛查工具的开发,用于近亲结婚较为罕见的国家,如加拿大、美国、日本、中国和欧洲等地区的精准化治疗。

虽然26个基因相对看起来可能有点多,但实际上可能有数百种基因在存在缺陷时导致了智力障碍的发生。Vincent博士解释说:“我们的研究加快了疾病基因的鉴定过程,且为临床医生提供了更为准确的信息。”

这项研究使用了多种基因技术,其中包括微阵列基因型分析和全基因组外显子测序。

Vincent博士说:“现在我们可以通过对这些基因的功能和相关生物学通路的继续研究,了解它们在中枢神经系统是如何发挥作用的,这有助于我们开发出治疗手段并且治愈疾病。”

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    2017-04-19 往日如昨

    学习了谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-04-17 1e1a50a1m36(暂无匿称)

    中枢神经系统是如何发挥作用的,开发出治疗手段并且治愈疾病。

    0

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