medscape:CAD患者,性别差异造成影响不同

2014-10-16 Marlene Busko medscape

新的研究结果表明,由于男性和女性的生理心理不同,患者对于稳定性心绞痛(CAD)产生的精神压力不同。这个结论一旦被确认,将解释为什么患CAD的女性的状况比男性差,这将为风险评估和治疗提供新观点。 在经过3项压力测试后,患有CAD的男性相对于女性,在血压和其他传统危险因素方面更有可能发生变化。但患有CAD的女性心脏血流灌注减少(精神压力造成的心肌缺血);女性也更易产生胶原刺激引起的血小板聚集;同时,

新的研究结果表明,由于男性和女性的生理心理不同,患者对于稳定性心绞痛(CAD)产生的精神压力不同。这个结论一旦被确认,将解释为什么患CAD的女性的状况比男性差,这将为风险评估和治疗提供新观点。

在经过3项压力测试后,患有CAD的男性相对于女性,在血压和其他传统危险因素方面更有可能发生变化。但患有CAD的女性心脏血流灌注减少(精神压力造成的心肌缺血);女性也更易产生胶原刺激引起的血小板聚集;同时,更容易产生负面情绪。

这些发现是从2014年10月13日发表在the Journal of the American College of Cardiology的试验中,选取超过300例参加“紧张压力测试研究”(REMIT)的病人数据中得出。

Zainab Samad博士(杜克大学医学中心)和他的同事说到:“在这项探索性研究中,我们发现对于CAD患者,男性与女性间对于精神压力有着明确的、可测量的、不同的影响。实验中观察到由于精神因素导致的心肌缺血的女性需要进一步调查,因为这可能从根本原因解释为什么传统上认为:女性症状轻,预后差。”

当医生评估患者的心血管疾病(CVD)风险时,应该意识到性别不同造成的影响,Samad说到:“这项研究显示出男性、女性精神压力不同对于心血管健康的影响差异,当评估这些和治疗患者的心血管疾病时,我们需要格外注意。”

更多的研究需要判断压力的远期影响结果,然后形成一个更好的筛选工具,“基于这个观点,以后的研究需要关注性别差异造成的精神压力对心脏功能和长期预后的影响。”

女性中高心血管疾病死亡率:与精神压力有关?

虽然女性CVD死亡率在减少,但是需要强调的是,在过去20年,女性的心血管死亡数量已经超过男性。作者补充到。

研究者分析了REMIT试验中对比服用选择性5羟色胺再吸收抑制剂和安慰剂的56名女性和250名男性的数据,参与者的平均年龄为63岁,平均体重系数为29。基线数据中,女性更容易患有抑郁病史(31% vs 10%)

参与者进行了3项心理压力测试,随后进行平板运动负荷试验。精神压力或运动压力引起的心肌缺血定义为:超声能观察到心脏壁运动异常发展或加重;左心室射血分数减少≥8%;和/或与休息相比,压力测试期间缺血性ST-段改变。

病人通过回答问卷来评估抑郁、敌对状态和感知到的社会压力。血液样本分别在休息时和压力测试后收集,用来测量血小板聚集情况。

在心理精神压力测试后,女性比男性更易产生精神压力造成的心肌缺血(57% vs 41%,p<0.04),但是在运动压力后,血小板聚集方面没有表现出明显的性别差异。

 Samad认为,这项研究同样证明了风险预测工具的不完全性,因为不能测量出所有的风险因素,特别是女性。

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    2015-06-11 smlt2008
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    2015-04-06 feather89
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    2014-10-18 zhaojie88
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