J Neurosci:压力如何损伤你的大脑、破坏记忆、引起抑郁?

2016-04-02 MedSci MedSci原创

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大家都知道压力可对身心健康造成严重危害,近期科学家对此有了新发现:压力可引起大脑中的炎症反应并导致记忆力下降和抑郁。

来自俄亥俄州立大学的神经科学家将小鼠分为两组,其中一组饲养时加入具有攻击性的大鼠给它们施加压力,通过迷宫测试评估小鼠的记忆力,结果发现受到压力的小鼠在迷宫中找不到之前已经记住的出口。该研究的负责人Jonathan Godbout说,“受到压力的小鼠记不起出口的位置了,而没有受到压力的小鼠能记得。” 

脑扫描发现受到压力的小鼠大脑中炎症反应增强,这是由免疫系统对外界的压力反应引起的。大脑中出现小胶质细胞(相当于巨噬细胞)说明免疫系统正在攻击大脑,引起炎症反应并阻碍新的脑细胞生长。
 
可怕的是这种影响可长期存在,实验后4周,受到压力的小鼠仍蜷缩在角落,这这表现类似人类的社交回避及抑郁的主要症状。
 
当研究者给予小鼠抗炎药物后,大脑细胞损伤和社交回避行为没有改变,但巨噬细胞减少了,且记忆力也恢复到正常水平。说明大脑炎症与记忆力下降存在直接相关。
 
该研究主要关注长期的压力对大脑海马区的影响,该区域在情绪反应和记忆能力方面具有重要作用。
 
Godbout说“损伤大脑的是慢性压力,并不仅是做一次演讲或与陌生人见面这样的压力……我们也许可以通过研究发现药物治疗或行为治疗的靶点。”
 
虽然之前已有过相似的研究——压力、焦虑、抑郁及记忆是如何相互关联的,但这项研究首次发现短期记忆缺失与大脑炎症反应之前的关系。下一步的就是要研究在人类的大脑中是否存在这种压力反应,如果存在,同时医生能找到防止或限制大脑炎症反应的方法,也许就可以发现压力和抑郁的新疗法。
 
原始出处:

Daniel B. McKim, Anzela Niraula, Andrew J. Tarr, Eric S. Wohleb, John F. Sheridan, and Jonathan P. Godbout. Neuroinflammatory Dynamics Underlie Memory Impairments after Repeated Social Defeat. The Journal of Neuroscience. 2016

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    2016-04-08 青石公园

    这个只是一种推论,并没有确切证据,只是从前面的出发,因为人体非常复杂,很难用单一的符合大众口味的合理阐释

    0

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    2016-04-04 智慧医人
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    2016-04-04 WEIXINee11cbcd

    忧虑重的学生有时僵滞异常,其心思一向是周密型

    0

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    2016-04-03 lyh994

    哦(⊙o⊙)哦,炎症反应,。。。。。

    0

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    2016-04-03 liujianbo1988

    只动物实验

    0

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    2016-04-03 壹生

    能找到防止或限制大脑炎症反应的方法,也许就可以发现压力和抑郁的新疗法。

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=76508, encodeId=60eae650828, content=这个只是一种推论,并没有确切证据,只是从前面的出发,因为人体非常复杂,很难用单一的符合大众口味的合理阐释, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160408/IMG5707D066236495111.jpg, createdBy=21301710321, createdName=青石公园, createdTime=Fri Apr 08 23:33:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1364104, encodeId=1d1613641044a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=7c5615628ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ROS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=34, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15628, encryptionId=7c5615628ad, topicName=ROS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a12645, createdName=智慧医人, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 14:32:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1396998, encodeId=4b4613969989f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8bee565436d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#损伤#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=56543, encryptionId=8bee565436d, topicName=损伤)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4dfa37, createdName=智者为医08, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 14:32:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75445, encodeId=bc1ee5445b7, content=忧虑重的学生有时僵滞异常,其心思一向是周密型, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=123, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e6051708051, createdName=WEIXINee11cbcd, createdTime=Mon Apr 04 10:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75350, encodeId=f668e5350ca, content=哦(⊙o⊙)哦,炎症反应,。。。。。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=177, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/04/24/1c2dbd6706e64df33befd6663f1d6b37.jpg, createdBy=94f61661779, createdName=lyh994, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 09:35:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75348, encodeId=85c3e5348bd, content=只动物实验, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=170, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=27b31646900, createdName=liujianbo1988, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 09:30:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75346, encodeId=efb3e534647, content=能找到防止或限制大脑炎症反应的方法,也许就可以发现压力和抑郁的新疗法。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160227/IMG56D1078DD4F344111.jpg, createdBy=80b71692457, createdName=壹生, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 08:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=75347, encodeId=a7abe534748, content=能找到防止或限制大脑炎症反应的方法,也许就可以发现压力和抑郁的新疗法。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160227/IMG56D1078DD4F344111.jpg, createdBy=80b71692457, createdName=壹生, createdTime=Sun Apr 03 08:46:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-03 壹生

    能找到防止或限制大脑炎症反应的方法,也许就可以发现压力和抑郁的新疗法。

    0

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