奥希替尼将成为国内EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC一线治疗**

2019-06-12 佚名 肿瘤资讯

2019年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会在芝加哥盛大开幕,今年的会议主题为“Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient”。作为全世界规模最大、学术水平最高、最具权威的临床肿瘤学会议,众多最新研究进展将在ASCO年会上公布。基于FLAURA研究奥希替尼在无进展生存(PFS)、安全性等方面取得的良好结果,虽然当前总生存(OS)数据尚

2019年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会在芝加哥盛大开幕,今年的会议主题为“Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient”。作为全世界规模最大、学术水平最高、最具权威的临床肿瘤学会议,众多最新研究进展将在ASCO年会上公布。

基于FLAURA研究奥希替尼在无进展生存(PFS)、安全性等方面取得的良好结果,虽然当前总生存(OS)数据尚未公布,但第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼已经成为国内外权威指南推荐的EGFR敏感突变晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)的一线治疗方案。本次ASCO会议上,基于生存预测模型,研究者公布了其对FLAURA研究OS数据的预测结果,奥希替尼治疗组预测的5年生存率是第一代药物吉非替尼/厄洛替尼治疗组的2倍(31.1% vs 15.5%)。ASCO会议期间,【肿瘤资讯】特邀中山大学附属肿瘤医院的张力教授,就FLAURA研究OS数据的预测结果及EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC的治疗等临床热点问题进行专访。

张力主任医师、博士生导师、教授,中山大学肿瘤防治中心内科主任,肺癌首席专家,中山大学名医,中山大学肺癌研究中心副主任,CFDA药物评审咨询专家,中国临床肿瘤协会(CSCO)常务理事,中国临床肿瘤协会(CSCO)免疫治疗专家委员会候任主任委员,中国抗癌协会癌症康复与姑息治疗专业委员会候任主任委员,广东省抗癌协会化疗专业委员会主任委员,肺癌专业委员副主任委员,肿瘤支持治疗多国协会(MASCC)委员会委员,国际肺癌研究组织(IASLC)情报交流委员会委员。

FLAURA研究显示第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼一线治疗EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC的PFS获益显着

众所周知,FLAURA研究实际上是将第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼用于EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC一线治疗的研究。在FLAURA研究之前,第一代EGFR-TKI是一线标准治疗方案。FLAURA研究头对头比较了第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼与第一代EGFR-TKI吉非替尼/厄洛替尼一线治疗EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC的疗效和安全性。2017年公布的研究结果显示,第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼的中位无进展生存(mPFS)显着优于第一代EGFR-TKI吉非替尼/厄洛替尼。奥希替尼组的mPFS达18.9个月,而吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组的mPFS只有10.2个月。基于FLAURA研究的结果,未来在国内,第三代EGFR-TKI药物奥希替尼将逐渐成为一线治疗的主流方案。

2019年ASCO年会发布FLAURA研究OS预测数据,预示奥希替尼或可在一线治疗取得显着OS获益

FLAURA研究是一项头对头的临床试验,大家都非常关注奥希替尼一线治疗是否能显着延长患者的OS。虽然目前还未看到最终的研究结果,但从今年ASCO年会公布的最新研究,我们看到采用预测模型推算出的FLAURA研究OS的结果,奥希替尼组的3年和5年生存率分别达到57.3%和31.1%,而吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组的3年和5年生存率分别为41.1%和15.5%,从模型预测的数据来看,奥希替尼一线治疗将患者的5年生存率提高了2倍,这是非常令人鼓舞的。也让我们看到一线使用第三代TKI药物奥希替尼,不但能使PFS得到显着改善,同时也可以显着改善OS。

奥希替尼将成为国内EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC一线治疗首选

我个人认为,随着总生存数据即将公布,如果第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼的PFS和OS均优于第一代TKI,且其毒副反应轻微,毫无疑问,第三代EGFR-TKI奥希替尼将成为国内EGFR敏感突变晚期NSCLC一线治疗的首选,会取代当前所有的其它EGFR-TKI药物。目前面临的问题是,在使用第三代EGFR-TKI后,如果出现耐药,下一步将如何治疗?我们也看到今年ASCO年会上发布了第三代EGFR-TKI联合治疗模式的初步研究结果。此外,对于C797S突变、cMET扩增、HER2扩增、HER3扩增、FGFR扩增等耐药机制,均已有相应的靶点抑制剂联合治疗方案,并已取得诸多成果,为解决耐药问题提供了可行的解决方案。

延伸阅读:FLAURA研究历程回顾

奥希替尼是第三代口服、不可逆EGFR-TKI,基于FLAURA研究,奥希替尼已被美国FDA批准用于EGFR敏感突变阳性晚期NSCLC的一线治疗。当前奥希替尼在国内也已递交一线治疗的适应证申请,有望年内获批。FLAURA研究结果显示,对比第一代EGFR-TKI(吉非替尼和厄洛替尼),奥希替尼显着延长患者的无进展生存期(mPFS;18.9个月 vs 10.2个月),降低54%的疾病进展或死亡风险(HR=0.46,95% CI  0.37~0.57,P<0.0001)。

同时,奥希替尼具有较强的血脑屏障穿透能力,在亚组分析中,对于基线合并脑转移的患者(n=116),奥希替尼组患者的中位PFS为15.2个月,而吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组为9.6个月(HR=0.47,95% CI 0.30~0.74,P=0.0009)。对于合并中枢神经系统转移的患者,与吉非替尼/厄洛替尼治疗相比,奥希替尼治疗降低了52%的中枢神经系统疾病进展风险(HR=0.48,95% CI  0.26~0.86,P=0.014)。

尽管目前FLAURA研究的总生存期(OS)数据尚未公布,但中期分析显示,相比吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组,奥希替尼组降低了37%的死亡风险(HR =0.63,95% CI 0.45~0.88,P=0.0068)。后续公布的FLAURA研究疾病进展后结局(Post Progression Outcomes,PPO)结果,诸如至首次后线治疗或死亡的中位时间(TFST)、随机入组至二次进展中位时间(PFS2)等指标上,奥希替尼组均优于一代EGFR-TKI组。奥希替尼组的TFST为23.5个月,一代EGFR TKI组为13.8个月(HR=0.51,95%CI 0.40~0.64,P<0.0001)。在继续后线治疗的患者,奥希替尼组的PFS2尚未达到,在一代EGFR-TKI组为20.0个月(HR=0.58,95%CI 0.44~0.78,P=0.0004)。进一步增强了奥希替尼作为一线治疗取得OS优势的信心。在安全性方面,奥希替尼同样优于吉非替尼/厄洛替尼。

本届ASCO年会上,一项对FLAURA研究OS数据进行预测的结果公布,结果显示,基于生存预测模型,奥希替尼组3年和5年的生存率分别为57.3%(95% CI 46.6%~69.2%)和31.1%(95% CI 23.7%~41.8%),相比之下,吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组的3年和5年的生存率分别为41.1%(95% CI 31.9%~52.9%)和15.5%(95% CI 11.6%~22.1%)。基于这一预测结果,使用奥希替尼一线治疗EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC预估的5年生存率是第一代药物吉非替尼/厄洛替尼的2倍(31.1% vs 15.5%)。

FLAURA研究最终OS的数据将在今年ESMO大会上揭晓。从中期分析结果K-M生存曲线较早即显着分开且未出现交叉,到患者PPO结果TFST和PFS2显示的疗效优势,再到本次ASCO会议上FLAURA研究OS模型预测数据来看,FLAURA研究的最终OS很大可能会取得阳性结果,值得大家期待。

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    2019-06-18 thm112988

    很好

    0

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    2019-06-14 liuyiping
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    2019-06-12 肿肿

    NSCLC下一步突破在于新靶点了,靶向治疗和免疫治疗基本见顶了,再有新的就需要新机制了

    0

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