减肥新希望!研究发现控制食欲的脑细胞!

2017-09-29 转化医学网 转化医学网

节食所带来的影响可能是革命性的,根据英国华威大学的最新研究,节食能够对控制我们食欲的脑细胞产生至关重要的影响。华威大学生命科学学院Nicholas Dale教师团队发现,存在于大脑特定区域中的伸长细胞(tanycytes)能够对机体的能量水平进行感知与调控,检测食物中的营养物质并直接告诉大脑我们究竟吃过哪些食物。该研究对应文章则发表于最新上线的Molecular Metabolism杂志。根据这项

节食所带来的影响可能是革命性的,根据英国华威大学的最新研究,节食能够对控制我们食欲的脑细胞产生至关重要的影响。

华威大学生命科学学院Nicholas Dale教师团队发现,存在于大脑特定区域中的伸长细胞(tanycytes)能够对机体的能量水平进行感知与调控,检测食物中的营养物质并直接告诉大脑我们究竟吃过哪些食物。该研究对应文章则发表于最新上线的Molecular Metabolism杂志。

根据这项最新研究,大脑中的伸长细胞可以响应食物中的多种氨基酸,而这种感受功能所借助的细胞结构与味蕾中氨基酸“鲜味”受体大致相同。

在伸长细胞,精氨酸与赖氨酸参与着细胞内的绝大多数反应,同时,也正是这两种氨基酸所带来的神经冲动最终让人们的大脑产生了饱腹感。

这些氨基酸通常富含于猪肩肉,牛排,鸡肉,鲭鱼,李子,杏,鳄梨,扁豆和杏仁等食物中,通常情况下,食用这些食物会激活人类大脑中的伸长细胞,使人们感觉不到挨饿。

研究人员将浓缩的精氨酸和赖氨酸加入到实验动物的脑细胞中,同时,研究人员用荧光对这些细胞进行了标记,以便观察添加浓缩氨基酸之后细胞内生化反应的变化。研究人员观察发现,在添加浓缩氨基酸后的三十秒钟内,这些细胞便会完成对氨基酸的感应并作出相应反应,将信息释放到控制食欲和体重的脑细胞中。

除此之外,研究人员发现通过去除或阻断这些受体的实验动物在接收到相应的氨基酸信号时,则不能够做出下游的神经反应。

“进食后血液和脑中的氨基酸水平变化是一个非常重要的生化信号,这些信号能够赋予大脑饱腹的感受。我们发现位于体重控制脑区中心的伸长细胞能够直接感知体内氨基酸水平的变化,下一步,我们可以基于这一研究提出新的方法来帮助人们在健康范围内控制体重。”文章的作者表示。

该研究为精准饮食策略的制定提供了全新的思路,在理论上,研究人员甚至能够通过直接激活大脑细胞,绕过食物和消化系统来抑制胃口,进而治疗肥胖等相关疾病。

参考资料:
Greta Lazutkaite et al. Amino acid sensing in hypothalamic tanycytes via umami taste receptors, Molecular Metabolism (2017). DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.08.015

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969956, encodeId=16411969956b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1753298, encodeId=6ae01e5329821, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a57e33772b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73377, encryptionId=6a57e33772b, topicName=研究发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e1736602208, createdName=hanhaisha2020, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1424908, encodeId=1b68142490860, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bbd084993fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84993, encryptionId=bbd084993fd, topicName=脑细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39a23929286, createdName=bettycmoon, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1447107, encodeId=a1f3144e10722, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=975010100260' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食欲#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101002, encryptionId=975010100260, topicName=食欲)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/SpcCrdwMXJSYUAG0eoicES3DbgMdjibhYzPShfjJHlHFdRicDAdug8NtPOdBbaYAuYOd50130Q7aibsD2YyL8YvQ2g/132, createdBy=166d5313584, createdName=yeye5224614, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-12-06 珙桐
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969956, encodeId=16411969956b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1753298, encodeId=6ae01e5329821, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a57e33772b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73377, encryptionId=6a57e33772b, topicName=研究发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e1736602208, createdName=hanhaisha2020, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1424908, encodeId=1b68142490860, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bbd084993fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84993, encryptionId=bbd084993fd, topicName=脑细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39a23929286, createdName=bettycmoon, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1447107, encodeId=a1f3144e10722, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=975010100260' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食欲#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101002, encryptionId=975010100260, topicName=食欲)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/SpcCrdwMXJSYUAG0eoicES3DbgMdjibhYzPShfjJHlHFdRicDAdug8NtPOdBbaYAuYOd50130Q7aibsD2YyL8YvQ2g/132, createdBy=166d5313584, createdName=yeye5224614, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969956, encodeId=16411969956b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1753298, encodeId=6ae01e5329821, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a57e33772b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73377, encryptionId=6a57e33772b, topicName=研究发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e1736602208, createdName=hanhaisha2020, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1424908, encodeId=1b68142490860, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bbd084993fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84993, encryptionId=bbd084993fd, topicName=脑细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39a23929286, createdName=bettycmoon, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1447107, encodeId=a1f3144e10722, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=975010100260' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食欲#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101002, encryptionId=975010100260, topicName=食欲)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/SpcCrdwMXJSYUAG0eoicES3DbgMdjibhYzPShfjJHlHFdRicDAdug8NtPOdBbaYAuYOd50130Q7aibsD2YyL8YvQ2g/132, createdBy=166d5313584, createdName=yeye5224614, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969956, encodeId=16411969956b9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Wed Dec 06 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-12-06, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1753298, encodeId=6ae01e5329821, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6a57e33772b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#研究发现#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=73377, encryptionId=6a57e33772b, topicName=研究发现)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7e1736602208, createdName=hanhaisha2020, createdTime=Sun Nov 19 23:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-11-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1424908, encodeId=1b68142490860, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=bbd084993fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84993, encryptionId=bbd084993fd, topicName=脑细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=39a23929286, createdName=bettycmoon, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1447107, encodeId=a1f3144e10722, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=975010100260' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#食欲#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=101002, encryptionId=975010100260, topicName=食欲)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/SpcCrdwMXJSYUAG0eoicES3DbgMdjibhYzPShfjJHlHFdRicDAdug8NtPOdBbaYAuYOd50130Q7aibsD2YyL8YvQ2g/132, createdBy=166d5313584, createdName=yeye5224614, createdTime=Sun Oct 01 08:49:00 CST 2017, time=2017-10-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]

相关资讯

Hum reprod update:减肥是否可以改善肥胖患者的生育能力?

肥胖在全球范围的发病率越来越高,同时不孕不育的超重和肥胖患者也越来越多。非手术减肥治疗是否可以提高受肥胖影响的生育参数,如延迟妊娠、少精症和精子无动力?

NEJM:胃旁路术后12年体重及代谢变化

研究表明Roux-en-Y胃旁路术具有长期耐久的减肥效果,可有效缓解和预防2型糖尿病,高血压和血脂异常

ANN RHEUM DIS:超重和肥胖的痛风患者减肥对疾病的影响

现有证据支持超重/肥胖的痛风患者进行减肥,对sUA、达到sUA目标和痛风发作的影响分别为低、中、低质量的证据支持。

J CLIN ENDOCR META:急性热量限制引起的代谢变化

急性热量限制以及随后的进食可以用于研究调节能量稳态的机制,这些机制与了解减肥的适应性反应有关。代谢组学能够测量数百种小分子代谢产物,前体,衍生物,以及降解物。其已经成为研究生理和疾病的有用工具,并被来自剑桥大学的研究人员用于研究急性热量限制的代谢反应。

INT J OBESITY:肠道微生物影响减肥成效

已有的研究显示,在啮齿动物中,肠道微生物群的组成能够影响其从食物中获取能量的效率,并通过影响胃肠激素的分泌影响食欲。根据特定细菌属的丰富程度,人类肠道微生物群可分为两个相对稳定的群体,这可能在个人营养中起一定作用。

怎么吃都瘦不下来?减肥要看便便!

爱美是女生的天性,总想着怎么保持好身材、节食、计算卡路里…但不管怎么试还是没瘦?也许跟你的肠道细菌有关!