24小时尿液检测为什么要防腐?如何选用防腐剂?

2018-09-05 邢艳粉 河南省中医院检验科

众所周知,检验科检测项目很多,其中有一部分项目是检测人体中某一时间点的含量,由该含量的高低来诊断疾病或者判断病情,问题随之而来,有的项目在一天之内含量变化很大,并且没有很明显的波动规律,在某一时间点来检测该项目就显得不够准确了。检验科用检测一定时间段内该项目的总量的方法来解决这个问题。使用最多的就是检测24小时内尿液中该物质的含量,临床上常见检测尿液里的物质有:蛋白、糖、电解质、激素等。然而在


作者:河南省中医院(河南中医药大学第二附属医院)检验科  邢艳粉

众所周知,检验科检测项目很多,其中有一部分项目是检测人体中某一时间点的含量,由该含量的高低来诊断疾病或者判断病情,问题随之而来,有的项目在一天之内含量变化很大,并且没有很明显的波动规律,在某一时间点来检测该项目就显得不够准确了。检验科用检测一定时间段内该项目的总量的方法来解决这个问题。使用最多的就是检测24小时内尿液中该物质的含量,临床上常见检测尿液里的物质有:蛋白、糖、电解质、激素等。然而在留取标本的过程就显得有些“漫长”,在这“漫长”的24小时中有的物质会分解,变质,污染等,为了使尿液中该物质稳定下来,对于不同的检测项目要加入不同的防腐剂。但是要用哪种防腐剂、用量是多少、送检的24h尿量需要多少,常常是临床医生会问到的问题。

今天我们就针对24h尿液中不同的检测项目需要用到的防腐剂进行归纳总结(见下表),防腐剂需要到检验科去领取。

标准留取24h尿液的方法是:病人上午8时排空膀胱,弃去此次的尿液后,留取至次日上午8时最后一次排尿的全部尿液。如需加入防腐剂,需要在留取第一次尿液后全部加入相应量的防腐剂,之后留取的尿液直接累积即可。

收集24h尿液之后,需要量出总尿量(XXXml),并标注;同时将尿液混匀,从中留取需送检的尿量送到检验科进行检测。注:不需要把24小时留取的所有尿液拿去送检!




表1:24小时尿液不同检测项目所需防腐剂及用量

为了让患者得到一个准确的检测结果,我们需要考虑的很多,需要做的也很多,有了临床的全力配合,检验科将会用最专业的知识和技术服务好临床。

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    2019-04-22 chengjn
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