JAMA-Neurol: 老年人加强身体活动会降低β-淀粉样蛋白水平并延缓神经退行性病变

2019-07-24 不详 MedSci原创

目前还没有特异性药物能治疗阿尔茨海默病,因此,我们迫切需要确定可能延缓阿尔茨海默病进展的风险因素。本项研究的目的在于研究体力活动是否缓和临床正常个体中β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)负荷与纵向认知衰退和神经变性的关联,并检查这些相关性是否与血管风险无关。

背景及目的:
目前还没有特异性药物能治疗阿尔茨海默病,因此,我们迫切需要确定可能延缓阿尔茨海默病进展的风险因素。本项研究的目的在于研究体力活动是否缓和临床正常个体中β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)负荷与纵向认知衰退和神经变性的关联,并检查这些相关性是否与血管风险无关。

方法:
本项研究纳入了参加哈佛大学老年脑研究的临床正常参与者。所有参与者均行正电子发射断层扫描,用于量化血管风险的基线医学数据,以及纵向神经心理学和结构磁共振成像检查。主要观察指标为:使用计步器(每天平均步数)量化基线体力活动。用碳标记的匹兹堡化合物B正电子发射断层扫描术测量基线Aβ负荷。每年用临床前阿尔茨海默病认知综合症(PACC;中位数[四分位数范围]随访,6.0 [4.3-6.3]年)测量认知。使用纵向结构磁共振成像(每位参与者2至5次扫描;中位数[四分位间距]随访,4.5 [3.0-5.0]年)评估神经变性,重点是总灰质体积和区域皮质厚度。

结果:
在纳入的182名参与者中,103名(56.6%)为女性,平均(SD)年龄为73.4(6.2)岁。在检查PACC下降和体积减少的模型中,体力活动与Aβ负荷之间存在显着的相互作用,因此较大的体力活动与较慢的Aβ相关认知下降相关(β,0.03; 95%CI,0.02-0.05; P< .001)。调整血管风险并没有改变这些关联。在这些模型中,较低的血管风险与较慢的Aβ相关的PACC下降(β,-0.04; 95%CI,-0.06至-0.02; P<.001)和体积减少(β,-483.41; 95%CI,-855.63至-111.20; P= .01)相关。

结论:
老年人参加更多的身体活动以及伴有更低的血管风险会减轻无症状个体中Aβ负荷与认知衰退和神经变性的进程,本项研究表明加强身体锻炼和降低血管风险可能对延缓阿尔茨海默病的进展具有保护作用。

原始出处:

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    2019-08-16 yinhl1978
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