Hepatology:肝星状细胞来源的血小板衍生生长因子受体α-丰富的细胞外小泡通过SHP2促进小鼠肝纤维化

2018-07-27 MedSci MedSci原创

采用PDGF-BB刺激肝星状细胞,肝星状细胞来源的血小板衍生生长因子受体α-丰富的细胞外小泡通过SHP2促进小鼠肝纤维化。

研究背景:肝纤维化的特征是肝星状细胞(HSCs)的活化和迁移,然后是基质沉积。最近,一些研究表明,从肝细胞(如肝实质细胞和内皮细胞)中提取的细胞外小泡(EVs)在肝脏病理生物学中发挥重要作用。虽然大多数研究都描述了肝细胞如何调节HSC行为,但在理解HSC来源信号,尤其是HSC来源的EVs,存在着差距。本研究调查了HSC衍生的EVs释放的分子,EVs释放的机制,以及这些EVs在肝纤维化中的作用。

研究方法和结果:质谱分析表明,PDGF处理HSCs后,血小板衍生生长因子受体-α(DGFRalpha)在EVs中富集。相比健康对照,肝纤维化患者血清EVs中 PDGFRalpha水平升高。从机制上说,在体外,PDGFRalpha序列上的酪氨酸720-苯丙氨酸突变消除了EVs中PDGFRalpha的富集,并使受体重新趋向降解。抑制Src同源2域酪氨酸磷酸酶2,磷酸化酪氨酸720的调控结合点,也抑制了EVs中的PDGFRalpha富集。来源于PDGFRalpha过表达的细胞的EVs,促进了体外HSC的迁移和体内肝纤维化的发展。最后,将Src同源物2域酪氨酸磷酸酶2抑制剂-SHP099应用于四氯化碳处理的小鼠,SHP099抑制了血清EVs中PDGFRalpha的富集,减轻了肝纤维化程度。

研究结论:采用PDGF-BB刺激肝星状细胞,肝星状细胞来源的血小板衍生生长因子受体α-丰富的细胞外小泡通过SHP2促进小鼠肝纤维化。

原始出处:

Kostallari E, Hirsova P, Prasnicka A, et al. Hepatic stellate cell-derived platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha-enriched extracellular vesicles promote liver fibrosis in mice through SHP2. Hepatology, 2018, 68(1), 333-348.

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    2018-07-29 wmr112
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