Cell:绘制癌细胞结构突变目录图谱

2013-05-13 koo ebiotrade

日前,哈佛医学院、麻省理工-哈佛博德研究所等机构的科学家采用高覆盖率全基因组测序技术,绘制了癌细胞结构突变的目录图谱,并解析了其中的作用机制,研究人员指出,即使是在单个基因组中,细胞发生突变也是由多重机制决定的。相关研究成果刊登在近期出版的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。自从在癌基因和肿瘤抑癌基因中发现最早的频发突变(recurrent mutation)以来,人们已经明确癌症在很大程度上是一种遗传疾


日前,哈佛医学院、麻省理工-哈佛博德研究所等机构的科学家采用高覆盖率全基因组测序技术,绘制了癌细胞结构突变的目录图谱,并解析了其中的作用机制,研究人员指出,即使是在单个基因组中,细胞发生突变也是由多重机制决定的。相关研究成果刊登在近期出版的《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。

自从在癌基因和肿瘤抑癌基因中发现最早的频发突变(recurrent mutation)以来,人们已经明确癌症在很大程度上是一种遗传疾病。几乎所有的人类肿瘤都保留着反映其起源组织的表型,由此突显了癌症生物学中表观遗传学的中心地位。事实上,科学家们也越来越认识到可传递的表观遗传改变(对基因组或其支架的化学修饰,不涉及核苷酸序列改变)有可能重新获得,而这些表突变(epimutation)也可能会促使癌变。

近年来随着高通量测序技术的蓬勃发展,对于癌症基因组中细胞重排的现象,科学家们也有了更深入的认识,但是这种表突变具体的复杂结构变化,以及其中的分子机制,还有待进一步的研究。

在这项研究中,研究人员应用一种新型运算方法,预测了短片段中的结构变化,由此采用高覆盖率全基因组测序方法,绘制了癌细胞结构突变的目录图谱,并解析了其中的作用机制。

研究人员针对十种类型的140位癌症患者样品,通过高通量测序技术,分析了不同类型重排,和突变机制的相关原因,发现细胞缺失中20%以下是由于复制错误导致的复杂缺失,并针对体细胞和生殖细胞中的突变机制,解析了其中的差异。

更重要的是,研究人员还完成了胶质母细胞瘤中导致CDKN2A/B缺失,和表皮生长因子受体EGFR获得的详细重构事件,从中揭示出即使是在一个单一基因组中,这些缺失也是由于多种机制造成的,而且DNA双链断裂和复制错误也都会诱发细胞重排。

近期癌症基因组研究获得了不少进展,比如来自美国国家癌症研究所的研究人员就发现了子宫内膜癌的基因突变,这一研究发现有可能对罹患侵袭性子宫内膜癌的妇女的治疗计划,以及子宫内膜癌肿瘤分类产生直接的影响。

此外还有一组研究组对一个33岁肺腺癌病人的癌症组织和正常组织分别进行全基因组和转录组高通量测序。从中发现在KIF5B和RET原癌基因之间通过10p11.22–q11.21臂间倒位产生的新融合基因。此融合基因过度表达了嵌合的RET受体酪氨酸激酶,它能自发导致细胞转化。这些数据表明,一部分NSCLCs是由KIF5B-RET融合基因导致的。嵌合的致癌基因可作为一种很有前景的分子靶标,用于肺癌的个性化诊断和治疗。

癌细胞相关的拓展阅读:


Diverse Mechanisms of Somatic Structural Variations in Human Cancer Genomes

Summary

Identification of somatic rearrangements in cancer genomes has accelerated through analysis of high-throughput sequencing data. However, characterization of complex structural alterations and their underlying mechanisms remains inadequate. Here, applying an algorithm to predict structural variations from short reads, we report a comprehensive catalog of somatic structural variations and the mechanisms generating them, using high-coverage whole-genome sequencing data from 140 patients across ten tumor types. We characterize the relative contributions of different types of rearrangements and their mutational mechanisms, find that ∼20% of the somatic deletions are complex deletions formed by replication errors, and describe the differences between the mutational mechanisms in somatic and germline alterations. Importantly, we provide detailed reconstructions of the events responsible for loss of CDKN2A/B and gain of EGFR in glioblastoma, revealing that these alterations can result from multiple mechanisms even in a single genome and that both DNA double-strand breaks and replication errors drive somatic rearrangements.



版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1800283, encodeId=4eb41800283fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38cbe2393e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#目录图谱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72393, encryptionId=38cbe2393e2, topicName=目录图谱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f0715, createdName=showtest, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 19:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958881, encodeId=81f91958881c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Apr 14 23:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868647, encodeId=a4cd186864eac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Aug 31 16:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251936, encodeId=dea2125193625, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 15 08:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1800283, encodeId=4eb41800283fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38cbe2393e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#目录图谱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72393, encryptionId=38cbe2393e2, topicName=目录图谱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f0715, createdName=showtest, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 19:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958881, encodeId=81f91958881c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Apr 14 23:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868647, encodeId=a4cd186864eac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Aug 31 16:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251936, encodeId=dea2125193625, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 15 08:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2014-04-14 维他命
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1800283, encodeId=4eb41800283fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38cbe2393e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#目录图谱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72393, encryptionId=38cbe2393e2, topicName=目录图谱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f0715, createdName=showtest, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 19:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958881, encodeId=81f91958881c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Apr 14 23:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868647, encodeId=a4cd186864eac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Aug 31 16:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251936, encodeId=dea2125193625, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 15 08:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1800283, encodeId=4eb41800283fe, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=38cbe2393e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#目录图谱#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=72393, encryptionId=38cbe2393e2, topicName=目录图谱)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8f0715, createdName=showtest, createdTime=Sun Dec 08 19:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-12-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1958881, encodeId=81f91958881c2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=dbe6445416' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#CEL#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4454, encryptionId=dbe6445416, topicName=CEL)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c3ff68, createdName=维他命, createdTime=Mon Apr 14 23:33:00 CST 2014, time=2014-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1868647, encodeId=a4cd186864eac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=fd764459a8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Cell#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=26, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=4459, encryptionId=fd764459a8, topicName=Cell)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=524d95, createdName=zhaozhouchifen, createdTime=Sat Aug 31 16:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1251936, encodeId=dea2125193625, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3efee1519b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#癌细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=31, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=71519, encryptionId=3efee1519b2, topicName=癌细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4cea26, createdName=yxch36, createdTime=Wed May 15 08:33:00 CST 2013, time=2013-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2013-05-15 yxch36

相关资讯

Cancer Cell:研究人员成功消灭肿瘤干细胞

日本一个研究小组发现,对肿瘤干细胞进行基因操作可以使化疗药物更易发挥作用,杀死癌细胞。这一发现或促进开发出根治癌症的治疗方法。 肿瘤干细胞被认为在体内处于几乎不增殖的“休眠状态”。化疗药物虽能遏制肿瘤细胞增殖,但对干细胞却难以发挥作用。即使化疗后肿瘤看起来已经消失,但只要残留少量干细胞,就会导致癌症复发和转移。 日本九州大学教授中山敬一率领的研究小组发现,肿瘤干细胞中一种名为“Fbxw7”蛋白

Cell:研究发现表观遗传学标记能调控抑癌基因的表达

来自洛克菲勒大学,美国NIH癌症研究院等处的研究人员发表了题为“H3K4me3 Interactions with TAF3 Regulate Preinitiation Complex Assembly and Selective Gene Activation”的文章,发现一种重要的表观遗传学标记能调控著名抑癌基因p53特异性靶基因的表达,由此指出了一种癌症表观遗传作用新机制,相关成果公布在《

Cell Stem Cell:老鼠植入人脑细胞后变聪明

据国外媒体报道,一项新研究发现,把人脑细胞植入老鼠体内可使这些动物更快学习新事物。科学家表示,他们把人体中枢神经系统中的胶质细胞植入动物体内,发现这些人体细胞影响动物大脑的通讯能力。他们说,这一发现可能对了解人脑进化具有重要意义。 这些研究人员认为,星形胶质细胞的进化可能是众多造成人类发展中更高认知功能和使人类不同于其他物种的关键事件的其中之一。这项新研究的负责人、罗彻斯特大学医学中心神经专家史

Cell:肝脏发育研究获进展

近日来自中国西南大学生命科学学院的研究人员在新研究中证实,EpCAM作为一种内胚层特异性Wnt去阻抑子,促使了肝脏发育,相关论文“EpCAM Is an Endoderm-Specific Wnt Derepressor that Licenses Hepatic Development”发表在3月11日的《细胞—发育》(Developmental Cell)杂志上。 领导这一研究的是西南大学生

Cell:研究发现RNA病毒逃逸机体天然免疫机理

中国工程院院士曹雪涛研究团队在最新研究中,获得了RNA病毒如何通过其独特方式逃逸天然免疫细胞监控清除作用的研究结果,并发现了天然免疫识别与调控的新型分子机制。相关研究论文近日发表在《细胞》(Cell)杂志上。 巨噬细胞、树突状细胞等天然免疫细胞,是机体感知与识别外源病原体入侵的第一道防线。天然免疫细胞如何敏感而特异性地识别病毒感染并诱导产生I型干扰素以清除病毒的分子机制,是当今免疫学界重要科学问

Cell:癌症基因组沉思录

癌症基因组沉思录近日,哈佛麻省Broad研究院的著名遗传学家Eric S. Lander教授与另外一位学者完成了题为“Lessons from the Cancer Genome”的文章,介绍了癌症基因组的系统性研究进展,概况了在细胞信号传导,染色体和表观遗传调控等方面发现的新癌基因,并指出了未来还需要进一步探索的研究方向。Lander 教授是Broad医学院的创始人之一,人类基因组计划领导者之一