新药进展:辉瑞口服新冠特效药Paxlovid获FDA批准,预防死亡效力高达89%

2021-12-27 生物探索 网络

试验结果显示,molnupiravir将进展为重症或死亡的几率降低了50%,并且将死亡率降低至0%。同时,molnupiravir的安全性也得到了证实。

12月22日,辉瑞宣布美国FDA已经批准其新型COVID-19口服抗病毒候选药物Paxlovid 的紧急授权申请(EUA),用于治疗非住院、具有发展成重症疾病高风险成人COVID-19感染。根据EPIC-HR 研究,该药可以将住院或死亡风险降低89%。

 
Paxlovid 由尼马瑞韦(抑制SARS-CoV-2蛋白以阻止病毒复制)和利托那韦(可减缓尼马瑞韦的分解以帮助其在较高浓度下在体内停留更长时间)组成。Paxlovid 以两片尼马瑞韦片和一片利托那韦片的形式给药,每天口服两次,持续5天。
 
早前,辉瑞宣布了Paxlovid额外的2/3期EPIC-HR临床试验的研究结果,证实了该药在降低新冠病毒感染者住院或死亡风险方面的强大功效。在这项试验中,一共入组了2246名成人患者,研究最终结果显示,在对所有参加 EPIC-HR 的患者的主要终点的最终分析中,与安慰剂相比,在症状出现后三天内接受治疗的患者中,与 COVID-19 相关的住院或全因死亡减少了 89%。并且,观察到与中期分析一致的安全性特征。
 
接受Paxlovid治疗的患者中有0.7%在28天随访期间住院(5/697人住院,无死亡),而接受安慰剂治疗的患者中有6.5%住院或死亡(44/682 人住院,随后有 9 人死亡)。在次要终点中,与安慰剂组相比,Paxlovid使在症状出现5天内接受治疗的患者因任何原因住院或死亡的风险降低了88%。在这项分析中,1039名患者接受了Paxlovid,1046名患者接受了安慰剂,其中0.8%接受Paxlovid治疗的患者28天随访期间住院或死亡(8/1039 例住院,无死亡),而接受安慰剂治疗的患者为6.3%(66/1046 例住院,随后12 例死亡)。
 
在 EPIC-HR 试验中,在次要终点中,评估了 499 名患者在基线和第5天的SARS-CoV-2 病毒载量。结果表明,与安慰剂组相比,接受Paxlovid治疗的患者第5天的病毒载量相较于基线水平降低了约10倍,说明Paxlovid对SARS-CoV-2具有强大的活性,是迄今为止报告的口服COVID-19药物中病毒载量降低最强的。
 
值得一提的是,Paxlovid对当下快速传播的奥密克戎变异毒株也仍然具有效力。最近的体外数据证实nirmatrelvir是奥密克戎3CL蛋白酶有效抑制剂,结合现有的其他关注变体 (VoC) 包括Delta的体外抗病毒和蛋白酶抑制数据,表明Paxlovid将对VoC以及其他冠状病毒变体保持强大的抗病毒活性。
 
其他新冠特效药目前进展及获批情况
 
安巴韦单抗/罗米司韦单抗联合疗法在中国获批
 
12月初,我国首个抗新冠病毒特效药——安巴韦单抗/罗米司韦单抗联合疗法特效药获得中国药品监督管理局的上市批准,标志着我国拥有的首个全自主研发并证明有效的抗新冠病毒抗体特效药正式问世。
 
根据临床试验数据显示,安巴韦单抗/罗米司韦单抗联合疗法特效药能够降低高风险新冠门诊患者的80%的住院率和死亡率。同时,抗体在人体内可留存9至12个月的时间,对预防感染也有一定作用。并且,根据评估发现,这两种抗体加在一起,仍然保持着对奥密克戎变异株的中和能力。
 
默沙东新冠口服药Molnupiravir在英国获批
 
11月初,默沙东/Ridgeback宣布英国药品和保健产品监管局已在英国批准molnupiravir上市,用于治疗轻至中度COVID-19成人患者。10月初,Molnupiravi由于在三期临床中期分析中呈现喜人数据,因此提前终止试验,并向美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)申请紧急使用授权(EUA),而此次获得英国批准也是基于III期MOVe-OUT临床试验中期分析结果。
 
试验结果显示,molnupiravir将进展为重症或死亡的几率降低了50%,并且将死亡率降低至0%。同时,molnupiravir的安全性也得到了证实。

End

参考资料:

[1]https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-authorizes-first-oral-antiviral-treatment-covid-19

[2]https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/vGVkhurJdGN3URhSy2RnEQ
[3]https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/EnPpJYTwyaqJobeUBVvqSQ

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1839946, encodeId=438a1839946b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=341ae311ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA批准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7311, encryptionId=341ae311ea, topicName=FDA批准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=bugit, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 12:33:54 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1900377, encodeId=9f7419003e731, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=258e6e97908' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特效药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67979, encryptionId=258e6e97908, topicName=特效药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7387164, createdName=zhangj7108, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 00:33:54 CST 2022, time=2022-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1085010, encodeId=a435108501027, content=赶紧应用于临床吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2b21866463, createdName=刘丽琼, createdTime=Tue Dec 28 09:00:14 CST 2021, time=2021-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084788, encodeId=6c461084e88f2, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=43d25645439, createdName=ms8000000732604212, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 19:47:55 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-06-13 bugit
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1839946, encodeId=438a1839946b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=341ae311ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA批准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7311, encryptionId=341ae311ea, topicName=FDA批准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=bugit, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 12:33:54 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1900377, encodeId=9f7419003e731, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=258e6e97908' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特效药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67979, encryptionId=258e6e97908, topicName=特效药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7387164, createdName=zhangj7108, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 00:33:54 CST 2022, time=2022-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1085010, encodeId=a435108501027, content=赶紧应用于临床吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2b21866463, createdName=刘丽琼, createdTime=Tue Dec 28 09:00:14 CST 2021, time=2021-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084788, encodeId=6c461084e88f2, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=43d25645439, createdName=ms8000000732604212, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 19:47:55 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1839946, encodeId=438a1839946b6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=341ae311ea' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#FDA批准#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=7311, encryptionId=341ae311ea, topicName=FDA批准)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=30bd35, createdName=bugit, createdTime=Mon Jun 13 12:33:54 CST 2022, time=2022-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1900377, encodeId=9f7419003e731, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=258e6e97908' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特效药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67979, encryptionId=258e6e97908, topicName=特效药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7387164, createdName=zhangj7108, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 00:33:54 CST 2022, time=2022-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1085010, encodeId=a435108501027, content=赶紧应用于临床吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c2b21866463, createdName=刘丽琼, createdTime=Tue Dec 28 09:00:14 CST 2021, time=2021-12-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1084788, encodeId=6c461084e88f2, content=不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=43d25645439, createdName=ms8000000732604212, createdTime=Mon Dec 27 19:47:55 CST 2021, time=2021-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-12-28 刘丽琼

    赶紧应用于临床吧

    0

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    2021-12-27 ms8000000732604212

    不错

    0

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新药进展:可有效预防Omicron!辉瑞新冠特效药Paxlovid预防死亡效力高达89%!

与安慰剂相比,在症状出现后三天内接受治疗的患者中,与 COVID-19 相关的住院或全因死亡减少了 89%,此外,观察到与中期分析一致的安全性特征。